Physiological Factors in the Interpretation of Equine Hematological Profile

Cellular components of the blood reflect specific changes in an organ or body system or more often, a general response of the individual to some physiological or pathological conditions. In this chapter, we will review the main physiological factors that should be considered when interpreting equine hematological profiles. The interpretation of the hematological profile in conjunction with history and physical findings directs the clinician in the selection of other diagnostic, imaging and sampling techniques. Additionally, a hematological profile provides invaluable information concerning the severity of the disease and the response to a treatment, and it helps in establishing a prognosis. Further, horses can have different hematological disorders, making hematology important in equine medicine. A special consideration should be made for equine athletes, since the assessment of a hematological profile is pivotal in the diagnosis of a reduced performance.